TABLE* Differential diagnosis of acute neuromuscular dysfunction
Condition Distinguishing features

Guillain-Barré syndrome History of infection; paresthesias; ascending paralysis; areflexia; high CSF protein; EMG
Myasthenia gravis Recurrent paralysis; + edrophonium test; EMG
Stroke Asymmetric paralysis; imaging; risk factor
Lambert-Eaton myasthenia syndrome History of lung cancer; increased strength with activity; EMG
Tick paralysis Paresthesias; ascending paralysis; exposure
Sepsis/meningitis History and physical; CSF
Poliomyelitis Febrile; asymmetric paralysis; CSF


CSF = cerebral spinal fluid; EMG = electromyography.
*Adapted from Arnon et al.4