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Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, Vol 30, 28-31, Copyright © 1983 by Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society

The Effect of Naloxone and Morphine on Convulsions in Mice Following Withdrawal from Nitrous Oxide

H. J. MANSON MB CHB FFARCS FRCP(C)1, G. DYKE MD FRCP(C)1, J. MELLING B MedSci1, and M. GOUGH MB CHB FFARCS1

1 Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland

Address Correspondence to: Dr. J.H. Manson, Dept. of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3V6.

The incidence of withdrawal convulsions was determined in mice following removal from a 70 per cent nitrous oxide environment. Groups of 20 mice received saline (control), naloxone or morphine subcutaneous injections five minutes prior to withdrawal. The observer was blind to the treatments. In comparison to the control group, the proportion convulsing was significantly (p < 0.05) increased following naloxone 0.125 mg (n = 40), 0.25 mg, but not 0.5 mg. The proportion convulsing was significantly decreased following morphine 0.4 mg. Overall proportions of mice convulsing was 0.55 for the saline control group; 0.73 for naloxone 0.125 mg; 0.80 for naloxone 0.25 mg; 0.60 for naloxone 0.50 mg; and 0.38 for morphine 0.4 mg. Modification of this phenomenon by both an opiate antagonist and agonist suggests endorphin withdrawal as a possible mechanism. However, this should be regarded as indirect evidence pending further study of this area.

Key Words: ANAESTHETICS, GASES: nitrous oxide • BRAIN: convulsions • endorphin • ANALGESICS: morphine • ANTAGONISTS, NARCOTIC: naloxone






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Copyright © 1983 by the Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society.