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Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, Vol 32, 216-222, Copyright © 1985 by Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society

Subarachnoid Bupivacaine Decreases Spinal Cord Blood Flow in Dogs

RAYMOND KOZODY MD FRCP(C)1, BILL ONG MD FRCP(C)1, RICHARD J. PALAHNIUK MD FRCP(C)1, JOHN G. WADE MD FRCP(C)1, MAUREEN O. CUMMING RN BSC1, and WAYNE R. PUCCI 1

1 Department of Anaesthesia, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba

Address correspondence to: Dr. Raymond Kozody, Department of Anaesthesia, University of Manitoba, Health Sciences Centre, 700 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0Z3.

Eigtheen mongrel dogs were randomized into two equal groups. Cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral spinal cord and spinal dural blood flows were measured using the radioactive microsphere technique. Blood flow determinations were made prior to, and 20 and 40 minutes following lumbar subarachnoid injection of: (1) 0.4 per cent bupivacaine (20 mg), or (2) 0.4 per cent bupivacaine (20 mg) with 1/25,000 epinephrine (200 µg).

In dogs given subarachnoid bupivacaine or bupivacaine with epinephrine, the maximum decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (33 per cent) occurred at 40 minutes post-injection. Cardiac index decreased in dogs given subarachnoid bupivacaine (197 ± 11 ml·kg-1·min-1 controlvs. 141 ± 19 ml·kg-1·min-1 at 40 minutes), while it increased in dogs given bupivacaine with epinephrine (201 ± 11 ml·kg-1·min-1 - control vs. 252 ± 15 ml·kg-1·min-1 at 40 minutes). Dogs receiving subarachnoid bupivacaine demonstrated a significant decrease in spinal cord blood flow to all regions. Dogs receiving subarachnoid bupivacaine with epinephrine demonstrated a significant decrease in thoracic and lumbosacral spinal cord blood flow; however, cervical cord blood flow remained unchanged. Thoracic and lumbosacral dural blood flows were significantly decreased in both groups following subarachnoid injection.

Subarachnoid bupivacaine 0.4 per cent (20 mg) and 0.4 per cent with epinephrine 1/25,000 (200 µg) decrease spinal cord and spinal dural blood flow in dogs.

Key Words: ANAESTHETIC TECHNIQUES: subarachnoid block • ANAESTHETICS, LOCAL: bupivacaine • SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM, CATECHOLAMINES: epinephrine • SPINAL CORD: blood flow






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Copyright © 1985 by the Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society.