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Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, Vol 33, 10-15, Copyright © 1986 by Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society

Cardiovascular and Respiratory Effects of Ketamine in the Neonatal Lamb

FREDERICK A. BURROWS MD FRCPC1, J. B. NORTON MD1, and JAMES FEWEL PHD1

1 Departments of Anesthesia and Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A. and the Department of Anaesthesia, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

Address correspondence to: Dr. F.A. Burrows, Department of Anaesthesia, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8.

To determine the cardiovascular and respiratory effects of intravenous ketamine in the neonatal lamb we studied six unpremedicated chronic neonatal lamb preparations. Each lamb was anaesthetized with ketamine 1 mg·kg-1, allowed to recover and then anaesthetized with ketamine 2mg·kg-1. Mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, mean left atrial pressure, pulmonary blood flow, heart rate, respiratory rate and arterial blood gases were measured before and at one, two, four, six, eight and ten minutes after the administration of each dose of ketamine. Pulmonary vascular resistance, systemic vascular resistance and the ratio of pulmonary to systemic vascular resistance were also determined. After the administration of either dose of ketamine, only respiratory rate changed significantly (p ≤ 0.05), reaching a maximum after two minutes. This change was not associated with any arterial blood gas abnormalities. We conclude that in the presence of adequate ventilation, ketamine produces no significant cardiovascular effects in neonatal lambs.

Key Words: ANAESTHETICS, INTRAVENOUS: ketamine • ANAESTHESIA: paediatric, neonatal






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Copyright © 1986 by the Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society.