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Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, Vol 46, 476-482, Copyright © 1999 by Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society

ARTICLES

Prilocaine induces apoptosis in osteoblastic cells

K Nakamura, H Kido, Y Morimoto, H Morimoto, S Kobayashi, M Morikawa and T Haneji
First Department of Oral Anatomy, Kyushu Dental College, Japan.

PURPOSE: To determine whether prilocaine, a local anesthetic, induces apoptosis in osteoblastic cells. METHODS: After reaching subconfluence, human osteoblastic Saos-2 and MG63 cells and mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were exposed for 48 hr to varying concentrations of prilocaine up to 10 mM and the cytotoxicity of the cells was analyzed by phase-contrast microscopy and WST-1 assay. Saos-2 cells treated for 48 hr with 5 mM prilocaine were stained with Hoechst 33342 and nuclear fragmentation was examined under a fluorescence microscope. DNA was extracted from the cells treated with 5 mM prilocaine and DNA ladder formation (a hallmark of apoptosis) was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULT: Prilocaine induced cell death in Saos-2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner up to the concentration of 10 mM. Marked nuclear condensation and fragmentation of chromatin were observed in the prilocaine-treated cells. DNA ladder formation also was induced by prilocaine treatment. Prilocaine-induced DNA ladder formation was dose-dependent with maximal effect at a concentration of 5 mM and was time-dependent from 12 to 48 hr. DNA ladder formation was also induced by prilocaine treatment in human osteoblastic MG63 cells and mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Cycloheximide prevented prilocaine-induced apoptosis in Saos-2 cells in a dose-dependent fashion up to 20 microM as determined by WST-1 assay and DNA ladder formation in agarose gel electrophoresis. CONCLUSION: Osteoblastic cells treated with prilocaine exhibit both morphological and biochemical features indicative of apoptosis. The apoptotic mechanisms involve transcriptional regulation of specific proteins or protein synthesis.


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H. T. Lee, I. E. Krichevsky, H. Xu, A. Ota-Setlik, V. D. D'Agati, and C. W. Emala
Local anesthetics worsen renal function after ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, January 1, 2004; 286(1): F111 - F119.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1999 by the Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society.