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From the Department of Anesthesiology, Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Ave Hippocrate, 10-1821, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Address correspondence to: Dr. Fabienne Roelants, Phone: 32-2-764-18-21; Fax: 32-2-764-36-99; E-mail: fabienne.roelants{at}anes.ucl.ac.be
Purpose: To show the use of the short acting opioid remifentanil for labour analgesia when epidural analgesia is considered to be contraindicated.
Clinical features: After Ethics Committee approval and informed consent, six patients (36–40 wk gestation), in whom epidural analgesia was considered contraindicated (women refusing regional analgesia, presenting with coagulation or platelet abnormalities or sepsis) benefited from patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with remifentanil. The Abbott Lifecare patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump with remifentanil 50 µg•ml–1 was set to deliver remifentanil continuous background infusion of 0.05 µg•kg–1•min–1 and 25 µg boluses with a five minutes lockout period. The PCIA was started when the parturients experienced regular painful contractions (cervical dilatation of at least 4 cm) and stopped just before delivery (cervix fully dilated). Maternal monitoring included non-invasive blood pressure measurements, heart rate, percutaneous arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation and respiratory rate. Percutaneous fetal heart rate was continuously monitored. All patients remained alert or sleepy but easily arousable and were satisfied with their analgesia. No particular side effects have been noticed. Apgar scores were between 6 and 10.
Conclusion: Remifentanil PCIA combining low continuous background infusion and small bolus doses is an alternative when epidural analgesia in labour is contraindicated. Under careful anesthesia monitoring, the technique seems to be safe for both mother and baby, at least when delivery occurs at or near the normal term of pregnancy.
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